Principled Investigations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Principled Investigations - Essay Example When the suspects are arrested the police can search them for anything they might use to help them escape or for evidence relating to the offense that has led to their arrest. (Schmalleger, 2002) The police should normally arrest if they have a valid arrest warrant. However, there are some situations where they can affect an arrest without a warrant. The instances include where: suspects are in the act of committing certain offenses, they have reasonable grounds for suspecting commission of certain offenses, they have reasonable grounds for suspecting one has committed certain offenses, suspects are about to commit certain offenses and they have reasonable offense for suspecting that one is about to commit certain offenses. ...The right to legal advice can be delayed in very serious cases and the police detention should not exceed 24 hours without charging suspects. There should be counsel present in the cause of a serious charge and where one is to be interviewed under caution. (Sch malleger, 2002) Charges and Elements The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) is entitled by law to draft a charge sheet and present it before a court of law. The charges that the CPS can lodge against the defendant in this case scenario are aggravated arson contrary to section 1(2) as read with section 1(3) of the Criminal Damage Act, 1971. In the alternative, the CPS may lodge the charge of racially aggravated arson, contrary to section 3 of the Criminal and Disorder Act, 1998. The maximum penalty for aggravated criminal damage and arson is life imprisonment. The CPS must, therefore, prove the actus reus and men's rea of the defendant in order to link her to the offenses. (Archbold, 1985) The elements of the felony of aggravated arson include those of simple criminal damage with the additional element of intending or being reckless as to the endangering of life. A person is guilty of criminal damage if they intentionally or recklessly  destroy or damage property belonging to another without lawful excuse. The actus reus of aggravated criminal damage consists of destruction or damage, property, belonging to himself or another and endangering life. (Archbold, 1985) There is no statutory definition of 'destroy or damage', however some principles have emerged from case law.

Effects of domestic violence domestic abuse on women and children Essay Example for Free

Effects of domestic violence domestic abuse on women and children Essay 42% of women and 20% of men sustained minor injuries such as scratches, bruises, broken bones or pregnancy complications (Cathy Meyer, 2016). The result of domestic abuse does have long-term physical effects including digestive problems, hypertension or skin disorders (www.liveabout.com 15/11/17). Family members, especially children, can experience the physical effects of abuse even though they have not been harmed or touched. They can complain about stomach aches, headaches and could experience irregular bowel movements and wet the bed. Many women who have been abused find it difficult to concentrate on their daily activates because of the effects of domestic abuse as they are constantly on edge. If a person is experiencing domestic abuse this can be physical as well as emotional and if the abuse is constant then regular hospital visits and rest days will be needed for a recovery if the person has a job day off will be needed and too many could lead to the person eventually being let off. When children experience domestic violence sometimes they feel confused or it’s their fault. If the violence or arguments takes place at night, it can be very distracting for the child to be able to sleep as they are constantly hearing the abuse given. This could affect their education as they will be tired and have poor concentration, affecting progress. Domestic abuse will have an effect on the victim’s emotional health as it makes them feel a range of emotions, such as anxiety, low self-esteem, suicidal thoughts or could cause a post-traumatic distress which includes unwanted flashbacks , nightmares or uncontrollable thoughts (www.joyfulheartcondition.org). Children who are exposed to domestic violence in their home could develop anxiety, fearing they might be left with the abusive parent who will then take their abuse out on them. Depression is also an emotion that most people will experience as they feel helpless and powerless. This is known to be more common in girls as boys tend to act out with aggression. Alisha Dixon, in the BBC Documentary â€Å"Don’t Hit My mum†, many children feel guilt that they could not prevent the abuse. Children may not want to leave the house in case their parent is unsafe. I found evidence to back this is on saying children will become clingy and not want to leave mum or dad and they feel they have a responsibility for to protect them. When in a domestic violent relationship, it is knowing that the partner will try to control the other person’s life by constantly knowing what they are doing and persuading or telling the victim they cannot go places when they really want to go. This will affect their relationship with family or friends causing the victim to never see them eventually leading them into isolation. Other social behavior includes aggressive behavior and poor social skills, meaning they could not make any friends as their social skills are poor. Bereavement A person dying close to you is hard both on adults and children. They can experience the same feelings as they are going through the same things however someone who is of an older age may be able to deal with the effects in a more mature manner, they will find that their energy levels will be very low as they will have a feeling f numbness inside them. If their energy is low, they will not go out and do daily activities which could lead them to stress and anxiety. Dealing with death and not everyone likes to be around people especially not in a work or school environment. This means that they will be missing out on important days in work or school causing them to fall behind building up more stress and anxiety that version does not need. When people describe losing a loved one they usually describe their self as being numb. Which is a normal defense mechanism of the mind to help you from being overwhelmed with emotions? Other people may experience guilt or anxiety

A 13th Century Blockbuster Hit :: essays research papers

A 13th Century Blockbuster Hit   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If one were to ever watch the movie The Usual Suspects he or she might get bored with all the flash back storyline, the change in stories of the suspects, and the play between the characters, but if one were to hold out till the very end of the movie they would see what a great movie it truly is. Now, one must not worry that this ending will be divulged in any shape, way, or form, that would be rude and would ruin the greatness that is the movie’s ending. However, from one great ending to another, the ending of Dante’s Inferno will be discussed in all its glory of storyline, symbolism, and imagery. So sit back, relax, grab some popcorn and try to enjoy (at least a very small bit) this boring synopsis of a great ending to a 13th Century movie (or what some may call, â€Å"a book†). Canto 31 is not a very significant canto; it is merely a transition canto from Circle 8 to Circle 9 with a small story thrown in so that it is not so obvious to what is being attempted. This canto begins with Dante and Virgil walking through a rocky area as Dante sees what appear to be towers of some great city in the distance. As the pair progress onward, Dante realizes that these are not towers but rather four giants buried in the rock, up to their navels. Of the four giants, Dante attempts to talk to one named Nimrod who is believed to be the King of Babel the legendary city that attempted to build high enough to reach heaven. It was due to this action that the city was knocked down in punishment and people were given different languages so that they would not be able to communicate such a project again. With such a punishment upon his people, Nimrod himself could speak nothing but gibberish so Dante and Virgil proceeded onward to Antaeus another giant to whom Virgil speaks kindly in order to be placed down into circle nine. At the end of Canto 31 and the beginning of Canto 32, Virgil succeeds in his flattery and so Dante and Virgil are lifted into the giant’s hand that then lowers them down into Circle 9, the circle of traders. They are now in the frozen city of Cocytus, which consists of a giant frozen lake of the worst sins committed throughout all time.

Sample Essay †The Role of Women Essay

The transition from early 19th century England to late 20th century Australia reveals an overwhelming shift in the dominant discourses and ideologies surrounding the role of women. While Jane Austen composed her seminal 1813 romance Pride and Prejudice against the social and historical backdrop of Regency England, a time when patriarchal ideals governed notions of femininity, Fay Weldon’s 1984 epistolary novel Letters to Alice bears the hallmarks of post-feminist women’s liberation and agency. However, through close examination of the intertextual connections woven between this pair of texts, it emerges that not only does Weldon’s text take form as a didactic treatise to her young nice that reflects her own contemporary views on women and women writers, her letters prompt an unquestioningly feminist re-reading of Austen’s representation of women in her own literary works. As a result, it is these connections that yield the recognition that despite the contextual divide separating this pair of texts, both authors are irrevocably bound in their purpose to didactically challenge the politically charged representation and role of women in their respective cultural spheres. Composed in the late 20th century – an era where feminist discourses of equality were deeply entrenched in political and academic spheres – Weldon’s text is narratively shaped as a didactic novel addressed to her fictionalised ‘green haired punk’ niece, using the epistolary form to both instruct and demonstrate the power of literature â€Å"with its capital L† to function as a vehicle for women to both change and challenge dominant social conventions and values. To achieve these means, it is no coincidence that Weldon is seen to appropriate the epistolary form – â€Å"a popular form of fiction at the time† used by female writers such as Austen herself- to create a intertextual connection that transcends the contextual gap separating each text to promote a specifically feminist view of writers and the function of â€Å"Literature†. Here, Weldon is herself the embodiment of her self-described breed of â€Å"strong women, wo men who work, think, earn, have independent habits†. Her authoritative didacticisms to the burgeoning writer Alice -â€Å"simply speak†¦and you will be listened to. And eventually,  even enjoy your captive audience† – symbolically demonstrate the legacy of feminist ideals that were initially catalysed through early Regency female authors such as Austen whose patriarchal context kept their revolutionary works â€Å"shelter[ed] behind the cloak of anonymity†. Given the modern context of Letters to Alice, it is undeniable that Weldon writes from a discourse of female agency when she informs Alice that to enter the â€Å"immortal† â€Å"City of Invention†, she must metaphorically â€Å"swim against the stream of communal ideas† and â€Å"demonstrate to the reader the limitations of convention† that societies inscribe upon its populace as â€Å"unquestioned beliefs†. The strong tone employed in such directives highlight that from Weldon’s feminist perspective, the value of female authorship and literature is derived from the capacity of one’s own personal value system to morally guide or catalyse a transformation in its readership: â€Å"Readers need and seek moral guidance†¦They need an example, in the light of which they can examine themselves, [and] understand themselves.† Simply put, Weldon’s Letters to Alice is a text that is highly political in purpose; it prompts a strong consideration of the function of literature to catalyse notions of female empowerment through both changing and challenging dominant social conventions and values. Taking into account Weldon’s didacticisms regarding female authorship and social change, it becomes apparent that the intertextual connections to Jane Austen weaved within Letters to Alice prompt an undeniably feminist re-evaluation of her representation of Elizabeth Bennet in Pride and Prejudice. While separated by the historical divide of almost two centuries, Weldon’s instruction for her niece to â€Å"swim against the stream of communal ideas† can be seen to resonate in Austen’s idealistic protagonist Elizabeth Bennet, a character who transgresses against the dominant values that governed Regency England; and whose personal virtues triumphed over the restrictions of her era. Weldon’s didactic assertion that female author’s must work to â€Å"demonstrate to the reader the limitations of convention† undeniably connect with and transform perceptions of Austen’s Elizabeth, framing and augmenting her personal values of rationalit y and wit as they shine through the text. This is particularly evident through her strong authoritative tone in declarative statements: â€Å"I shall be very fit to see  Jane – which is all I want†, which work alongside uncharacteristic images of female activity: â€Å"springing over puddles to with impatient activity [gave her] a face glowing with the warmth of exercise† to undermine a social value system that links feminine propriety with explicit passivity. Such aspects of her character are further augmented through Austen inscribing Elizabeth’s dialogue with a strongly comedic tone of satire and irony. She delights in intellectually challenging the supposedly superior intellect of Mr Darcy in a series of playful exchanges: â€Å"I am convinced that one good sonnet will stave [love] entirely away†; â€Å"your defect is to hate everybody†. In considering these connections, Weldon’s text can be seen to invoke a renewed reading of Elizabeth, positioning her as a didactic figure that planted the early seeds of feminist discourse from which Letters to Alice was composed: â€Å"[She] pay[ed] paying attention to the subtle demands of human dignity rather than the cruder ones of established convention†¦prodding [civilisation] quicker and faster along the slow difficult road that has led us out of barbarity into civilisation† Ultimately, examination of the intertextual connections between Letters to Alice and Pride and Prejudice yield a recognition that while Weldon’s text instructs young Alice on contemporary views on women and women writers from a late 19th century context, it also catalyses a re-evaluation of Austen’s representation of Elizabeth Bennet, reframing interpretations of her character as one who challenges the dominant value systems of gender. As a result, it is these connections that incite the realisation that despite the contextual divide separating this pair of texts, both authors are irrevocably bound in their purpose to didactically challenge the politically charged representation and role of women in their respective cultural spheres.

Pluma: Rizal, Ang Dakilang Manunulat Essay

Jose Rizal, just like any of us, used to live an ordinary life. Just like a normal person, he underwent the mundane stages of human life such as infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Yet, unlike any of us, Rizal inadvertently stood out because he lived by the saying, â€Å"Live life to the fullest.† He made the best out of his 35 years of existence. However, certain events and persons might have inspired him on the first place that eventually transformed his life from ordinary to an â€Å"extraordinary† one. Rizal’s parents, Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonso, had already introduced to him the value of education. His father owned several books in their shelf in which the young Rizal had a lot of novels to choose from and to read that suits his interest as a child. His mother also served as his first teacher. She taught him how to read and write. At an early age, he already shows brilliance as a writer with a good sense of social awareness. An 8-year old Rizal was able to write his first poem, â€Å"Sa Aking mga Kabata.† This poem highlights love of nationality and Filipino language. Additionally, he excelled academically when he started attending schools in the Philippines, as well as in abroad. Putting his thoughts into writing became his hobby through the years. His works such as A La Juventud Filipina and El Consejo de los Dioses earned him the recognition to the Filipino youth and won an award in Manila respectively. Given the fact that Rizal’s eyes had long been opened to the awful reality during Spanish colonization, he further wrote novels, which include the famous Noli Me Tangere (Touch Me Not) and El Filibusterismo (The Reign of Greed). Most likely, the former includes the story of Sisa, which was said to be inspired by what happened to his mother, Teodora, who was imprisoned due to the accusation of poisoning her sister-in-law. This taste of injustice could have aided Rizal to boost his patriotism. The latter was also written in honor of the memory of GOMBURZA who were executed due to the 1872 Cavite mutiny. With the aid of Paciano who witnessed the execution, Rizal’s eyes became widely opened to the gruesome reality of the Philippine society during their time. In a celebration of the achievement of Juan Luna’s Spoliarium and Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo’s Las Virgenes Cristianas Expuestas al Populacho, Rizal also realized and proclaimed that Filipinos do have something to be proud of.

Writing (EBRW) Score

What's a Good SAT Math or Reading/Writing (EBRW) Score SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In this article, we’ll go over how to calculate target SAT Math, Reading, and Writing scores, as well as why you might want to do this. Why Calculate Target Scores? Target scores are useful to calculate because they help you set realistic goals that are based on schools you’ll be applying to, rather than on some arbitrary standard that has no real justification behind it. By creating concrete, results-oriented scores to aim for, you’ll not only increase your chances of a successful outcome (getting into the schools you want), but, since the relationship between the scores and acceptance at colleges you wish to attend is so linear, you might even be more motivated to study to reach these goals. The steps you'll follow for finding your target SAT Math and Evidence-Based Reading and Writing scores are similar to what you'd do to find your overall SAT target score. If you haven't done this already, stop now and read our article on what makes a good, bad, or excellent SAT score, then come back; it's far more important to calculate your overall target SAT score than it is to calculate individual section scores. Step 1: Download These Worksheets To mathematically determine the target Math and EBRW scores you should be aiming for, we'll be filling out two worksheets for all the schools you're interested in. Click here to download the Math and EBRW score target worksheets, or click the images below: Step 2: Fill In the Schools You Want to Get Into In the leftmost column of the sheet, write down the names of colleges you want to attend. These might be schools that you already know you want to apply to, including your dream or "reach" schools; however, don't include safety schools (schools that you're 90% sure that you're going to get accepted to). If you're not sure yet what schools you want to apply to, go ahead and put down any schools you've heard of, or schools that your friends are interested in. We do recommend, however, that you research the schools before calculating your target score, though, so you'll get a sense of what scores you'll need to get into the schools you're interested in and if they're realistic for you given other factors like your high school GPA. Step 3: For Each School, Google "[Name of School] PrepScholar" For example, if I'm interested in University of Michigan, I'll do the following search: Most schools will have a PrepScholar.com link, as shown above. If you don't find one, try using the National Center for Education Statistic's IPEDS Data Center to look up the school's Admissions and Test Scores information; the data will be older but will still be official. Alternatively, try searching "[name of school] average sat scores" to see if the scores are listed on the official school website (although many schools do not report individual section scores on their websites). Use either of these methods to double-check your numbers. Our PrepScholar.com page lists the 25th/75th percentile scores for current University of Michigan students. We currently have hard data only for the old, out-of-2400 SAT (although we use these numbers to then estimate the equivalent out-of-1600 SAT) - when colleges release their student data for the new 1600 SAT, we'll update these pages. A refresher on what we mean when we talk about percentile scores: 25th percentile scores mean that 25% of students attending that school have at or below that score (this score is below average). The 75th percentile score means that 75% of students have a score at or below that number (making this score above average). In effect, the middle 50% of all students admitted to a school will have SAT scores between the 25th and 75th percentiles. If you score at the 75th percentile for a school, you have a great chance of getting in. If you're at the 25th percentile, you'll have to rely on some other part of your application to impress them (or retake the SAT to get your score more in line with the middle 50 percent of students admitted). For the University of Michigan, the old SAT 25th percentile scores were 660 for Math, 620 for Reading, and 630 for Writing, while the 75th percentile scores were 760 for Math, 720 for Reading, and 730 for Writing. Step 3a: Calculate the New SAT Score out of 800 for Math and EBRW Because you'll be taking the new 1600 SAT, you'll need to convert any old scores from the out-of-2400 SAT into new SAT scores in the rightmost column of the worksheets. This is particularly important for converting old Reading and Writing scores (which, when combined, were on a scale of 400-1600) to the new SAT Evidence-Based Reading and Writing score (on a scale of 200-800). Use our updated converter tool, which is based on official concordance tables from the College Board, to determine 75th percentile scores for the new SAT. For the University of Michigan, this tool gives a new SAT Math score of 690 and EBRW score of 680. Step 4: Calculate Your Final Target SAT Section Scores Finally, take the average of all the percentile columns. In general, we recommend using the 75th percentile score as your target, because it’ll give you the greatest chance of acceptance (as compared shooting for the 25th percentile or even the "average" score). However, just because you score at the 75th percentile doesn’t mean that you have a 75% chance of acceptance at any given school. The baseline acceptance rate for the school also affects the target score you choose. If a school's acceptance rate is low (20%), then you’ll want to aim for a score even higher than the 75th percentile score for a fixed likelihood of getting in. If the acceptance rate is higher, then you can aim for a lower percentile score (since increasing your SAT score is likely to only have a marginal effect on your acceptance rate). 150531-D-DB155-001/used under CC BY 2.0. Find your target score and aim for it with all your might. Bonus: Looking for the very best guides to every SAT section? Check out our top guides for every single section of the SAT. Choose the score level you're aiming for: 800 Score Guides: SAT Reading | SAT Writing | SAT Math | SAT Essay Choose these guides if you're scoring a 600 or above on a section, and you want to get the highest SAT score possible. 600 Score Guides: SAT Reading | SAT Writing | SAT Math | SAT Essay Choose these guides if you're scoring below a 600 on a section, and you want to boost your score to at least a 600 level. These are the very best guides available on boosting your SAT score, section by section. They're written by Harvard grads and perfect SAT scorers. Don't disappoint yourself - read these guides and improve your score today. When Do Section Scores Matter? Most of the time, hitting specific section score targets isn’t as important as making sure your overall SAT score is good; whether that high total score comes from a 680 on Math and a 780 on Evidence-Based Reading and Writing or a 780 on Math and a 680 on EBRW is usually a moot point. There are two types of schools, however, for which individual section scores become more important: engineering programs and liberal arts colleges. For engineering schools and programs, a high SAT Math score (above a 700) is imperative; for the most competitive engineering programs, you’ll be at a severe disadvantage if you don’t get 770 or above on SAT Math. Even a perfect 800 won’t guarantee you admission, but getting a SAT Math score below a 750 lowers your odds dramatically at schools like MIT. On the other hand, you can get away with a (relatively) low Evidence-Based Reading and Writing score (a 720 EBRW score still puts you in the middle 50 percent of students at MIT). Liberal arts schools, by contrast, prefer to see relatively equal section scores. That doesn't mean that you have to get exactly the same score on Math and EBRW, but it does mean that you'd have a better chance of getting into most liberal arts schools with two medium-high section scores (e.g. 700 Math, 690 EBRW) than with one high and one low score (e.g. 590 Math, 800 EBRW). Some of these schools may even go down to the Reading and Writing subscore level when it comes to evenness, although with the new combined Evidence-Based Reading and Writing score the odds of this happening are lower than with the old SAT (where students received out-of-800 scores for both Critical Reading and Writing). A good strategy if you’re applying to a mixed set of schools (some engineering, some liberal arts, and some that fit into neither category) is to create multiple different target scores sheets; if you take the SAT multiple times and get mixed results, the different sheets will help you determine which scores to send to schools that don't superscore. For instance, if you take the SAT twice and get 730 Math/780 EBRW and 790 Math/610 EBRW, you'd want to send the first score to liberal arts schools (who don't superscore) and the second score to engineering schools (who don't superscore); if the schools do superscore, you'd want to send both the scores to get the 790 Math/780 EBRW combo. Optimal/used under CC BY 2.0. Optimize your SAT score through superscoring like a superhero! What’s Next? What does it mean to score in the top percentiles on the SAT? Get an in-depth look at SAT score percentiles here, or read about the difference between the SAT User Percentile and the Nationally Representative Sample Percentile on ExpertHub. A high SAT Math score is a good start, but what else is required for engineering programs? Find out what it takes to get into a great engineering school here. Want to figure out what your overall SAT score should look like? Learn to distinguish between excellent, good, and bad SAT scores here. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today!

WRITING FOR SMALL INDIE PUBLISHERS

WRITING FOR SMALL INDIE PUBLISHERS Between the behemoth Big Six and the self-publishing path is a plethora of other markets seeking quality fiction. Some small indie publishers have even seen their authors rise to the top of the New York Times, USA Today, and Kindle bestseller lists, with books available in bookstores nationwide. Yet chatter in the industry rarely discusses theses successes. These smaller, independent publishers produce a wide range of genres from nonfiction to science fiction to erotica. Many publish only in electronic format, but many also produce paperback, hardback, and audiobook versions. They tend to have less restrictive contracts, higher royalties, and are more willing to take cross-genre, experimental or hard to define works. They offer professional editing, cover art, and many even provide regular promotion or easy access to promotional outlets for their authors. Advantages of Small Presses: While they usually cater to a niche market, small presses often allow a great deal of freedom within that market. Also, indie niche markets are often ones the bigger publishers don’t focus on at all due to smaller readership. So if you have a difficult to categorize book that combines urban fantasy, speculative fiction and erotica, for example, a smaller publisher might snap it up. Many small presses pay royalties monthly, so you get your money more quickly and more regularly than you might from a publisher following a traditional model. Most pay royalties from 30% to 50% on e-book sales- considerably higher than the Big Six publishers offer. Disadvantages: Most small Indies don’t pay advances. Those that do generally offer very small ones- a few hundred dollars rather than a few thousand. However, this is often offset These presses are small. In many cases, youll be looking at selling hundreds of copies rather than thousands. But in most cases your book will take off more quickly than if you self publish, because a small press has a built-in group of loyal readers who will buy anything the company publishes. Breaking In: As with any publisher, lead with your best work. Indie pubs are not in the business of buying that early piece thats been rejected Follow submission guidelines. These can include genre, word count, formatting, whether or not simultaneous submissions are allowed, and sometimes, specific requirements within the genre. Again, I see many submissions where the author obviously didnt take to time to read the guidelines and has sent material that doesnt fit the publishers needs. Some Small Press Markets: Samhain Publishing Romance, urban fantasy, horror, retro romance Eggplant Literary Productions Speculative fiction Etopia Press Urban fantasy, science fiction, fantasy, horror, literary fiction Musa Publishing A variety of genres including speculative fiction, romance, historical, mystery and young adult Noble Romance Various romance subgenres Changeling Press Erotica